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تفسير القرطبي - سورة الملك - الآية 1

خيارات حفظ الصفحة والطباعة

حفظ الصفحة بصيغة ووردحفظ الصفحة بصيغة النوت باد أو بملف نصيحفظ الصفحة بصيغة htmlطباعة الصفحة
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تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ الْمُلْكُ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ (1) (الملك) mp3
سُورَة الْمُلْك مَكِّيَّة فِي قَوْل الْجَمِيع . وَتُسَمَّى الْوَاقِيَة وَالْمُنْجِيَة . وَهِيَ ثَلَاثُونَ آيَة رَوَى التِّرْمِذِيّ عَنْ اِبْن عَبَّاس قَالَ : ضَرَبَ رَجُل مِنْ أَصْحَاب رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خِبَاءَهُ عَلَى قَبْر وَهُوَ لَا يَحْسِب أَنَّهُ قَبْر , فَإِذَا قُبِرَ إِنْسَان يَقْرَأ سُورَة " الْمُلْك " حَتَّى خَتَمَهَا , فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُول اللَّه , ضَرَبْت خِبَائِي عَلَى قَبْر وَأَنَا لَا أَحْسِب أَنَّهُ قَبْر , فَإِذَا قَبْر إِنْسَان يَقْرَأ سُورَة " الْمُلْك " حَتَّى خَتَمَهَا ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ( هِيَ الْمَانِعَة هِيَ الْمُنْجِيَة تُنْجِيه مِنْ عَذَاب الْقَبْر ) . قَالَ : حَدِيث حَسَن غَرِيب . وَعَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ( وَدِدْت أَنَّ " تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ الْمُلْك " فِي قَلْب كُلّ مُؤْمِن ) ذَكَرَهُ الثَّعْلَبِيّ . وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَة قَالَ : قَالَ النَّبِيّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ( إِنَّ سُورَة مِنْ كِتَاب اللَّه مَا هِيَ إِلَّا ثَلَاثُونَ آيَة شَفَعَتْ لِرَجُلٍ حَتَّى أَخْرَجَتْهُ مِنْ النَّار يَوْم الْقِيَامَة وَأَدْخَلَتْهُ الْجَنَّة وَهِيَ سُورَة " تَبَارَكَ " ) . خَرَّجَهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ بِمَعْنَاهُ , وَقَالَ فِيهِ : حَدِيث حَسَن . وَقَالَ اِبْن مَسْعُود : إِذَا وُضِعَ الْمَيِّت فِي قَبْره فَيُؤْتَى مِنْ قِبَل رِجْلَيْهِ , فَيُقَال : لَيْسَ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِ سَبِيل , فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُوم بِسُورَةِ " الْمُلْك " عَلَى قَدَمَيْهِ . ثُمَّ يُؤْتَى مِنْ قِبَل رَأْسه , فَيَقُول لِسَانه : لَيْسَ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِ سَبِيل , إِنَّهُ كَانَ يَقْرَأ بِي سُورَة " الْمُلْك " ثُمَّ قَالَ : هِيَ الْمَانِعَة مِنْ عَذَاب اللَّه , وَهِيَ فِي التَّوْرَاة سُورَة " الْمُلْك " مَنْ قَرَأَهَا فِي لَيْلَة فَقَدْ أَكْثَرَ وَأَطْيَبَ . وَرُوِيَ أَنَّ مَنْ قَرَأَهَا كُلّ لَيْلَة لَمْ يَضُرّهُ الْفَتَّان .

" تَبَارَكَ " تَفَاعَلَ مِنْ الْبَرَكَة وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ . وَقَالَ الْحَسَن : تَقَدَّسَ . وَقِيلَ دَامَ . فَهُوَ الدَّائِم الَّذِي لَا أَوَّل لِوُجُودِهِ وَلَا آخِر لِدَوَامِهِ .

أَيْ مُلْك السَّمَوَات وَالْأَرْض فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَة . وَقَالَ اِبْن عَبَّاس : بِيَدِهِ الْمُلْك يُعِزّ مَنْ يَشَاء وَيُذِلّ مَنْ يَشَاء , وَيُحْيِي وَيُمِيت , وَيُغْنِي وَيُفْقِر , وَيُعْطِي وَيَمْنَع . وَقَالَ مُحَمَّد بْن إِسْحَاق : لَهُ مُلْك النُّبُوَّة الَّتِي أَعَزَّ بِهَا مَنْ اِتَّبَعَهُ وَذَلَّ بِهَا مَنْ خَالَفَهُ .

مِنْ إِنْعَام وَانْتِقَام .
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