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تفسير الطبري - سورة الإنسان - الآية 1

خيارات حفظ الصفحة والطباعة

حفظ الصفحة بصيغة ووردحفظ الصفحة بصيغة النوت باد أو بملف نصيحفظ الصفحة بصيغة htmlطباعة الصفحة
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هَلْ أَتَىٰ عَلَى الْإِنسَانِ حِينٌ مِّنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُن شَيْئًا مَّذْكُورًا (1) (الإنسان) mp3
الْقَوْل فِي تَأْوِيل قَوْله تَعَالَى : { هَلْ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان } يَعْنِي جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ بِقَوْلِهِ : { هَلْ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان } قَدْ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان ; وَهَلْ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِع خَبَر لَا جَحْد , وَذَلِكَ كَقَوْلِ الْقَائِل لِآخَر يُقْرِرْهُ : هَلْ أَكْرَمْتُك ؟ وَقَدْ أَكْرَمَهُ ; أَوْ هَلْ زُرْتُك ؟ وَقَدْ زَارَهُ ; وَقَدْ تَكُون جَحْدًا فِي غَيْر هَذَا الْمَوْضِع , وَذَلِكَ كَقَوْلِ الْقَائِل لِآخَر : هَلْ يَفْعَل مِثْل هَذَا أَحَد ؟ بِمَعْنَى : أَنَّهُ لَا يَفْعَل ذَلِكَ أَحَد . وَالْإِنْسَان الَّذِي قَالَ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِع { هَلْ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان حِين مِنْ الدَّهْر } هُوَ آدَم صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ; كَذَلِكَ : 27689 - حَدَّثَنَا بِشْر , قَالَ : ثَنَا يَزِيد , قَالَ : ثَنَا سَعِيد , عَنْ قَتَادَة , قَوْله : { هَلْ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان } آدَم أَتَى عَلَيْهِ { حِين مِنْ الدَّهْر لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا } إِنَّمَا خَلْق الْإِنْسَان هَا هُنَا حَدِيثًا ; مَا يَعْلَم مِنْ خَلِيقَة اللَّه [ خَلِيقَة ] كَانَتْ بَعْد الْإِنْسَان . * - حَدَّثَنَا اِبْن عَبْد الْأَعْلَى , قَالَ : ثَنَا اِبْن ثَوْر , عَنْ مَعْمَر , عَنْ قَتَادَة , قَوْله : { هَلْ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان حِين مِنْ الدَّهْر لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا } قَالَ : كَانَ آدَم صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ آخِر مَا خُلِقَ مِنْ الْخَلْق . 27690 - حَدَّثَنَا اِبْن حُمَيْد , قَالَ : ثَنَا مَهْرَان , عَنْ سُفْيَان { هَلْ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان حِين مِنْ الدَّهْر } قَالَ : آدَم .

وَقَوْله : { حِين مِنْ الدَّهْر } اِخْتَلَفَ أَهْل التَّأْوِيل فِي قَدْر هَذَا الْحِين الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّه فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِع , فَقَالَ بَعْضهمْ : هُوَ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَة ; وَقَالُوا : مَكَثَتْ طِينَة آدَم مُصَوَّرَة لَا تُنْفَخ فِيهَا الرُّوح أَرْبَعِينَ عَامًا , فَذَلِكَ قَدْر الْحِين الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّه فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِع ; قَالُوا : وَلِذَلِكَ قِيلَ : { هَلْ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان حِين مِنْ الدَّهْر لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا } لِأَنَّهُ أَتَى عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ جِسْم مُصَوَّر لَمْ تُنْفَخ فِيهِ الرُّوح أَرْبَعُونَ عَامًا , فَكَانَ شَيْئًا , غَيْر أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا . وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ : لَا حَدّ لِلْحِينِ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِع ; وَقَدْ يَدْخُل هَذَا الْقَوْل مِنْ أَنَّ اللَّه أَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان حِين مِنْ الدَّهْر , وَغَيْر مَفْهُوم فِي الْكَلَام أَنْ يُقَال : أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَان حِين قَبْل أَنْ يُوجَد , وَقَبْل أَنْ يَكُون شَيْئًا , وَإِذَا أُرِيدَ ذَلِكَ قِيلَ : أَتَى حِين قَبْل أَنْ يُخْلَق , وَلَمْ يَقُلْ أَتَى عَلَيْهِ . وَأَمَّا الدَّهْر فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِع , فَلَا حَدّ لَهُ يُوقَف عَلَيْهِ .

قَوْله : { لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا } لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا لَهُ نَبَاهَة وَلَا رِفْعَة , وَلَا شَرَف , إِنَّمَا كَانَ طِينًا لَازِبًا وَحَمَأ مَسْنُونًا .
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