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تفسير الطبري - سورة النحل - الآية 1

خيارات حفظ الصفحة والطباعة

حفظ الصفحة بصيغة ووردحفظ الصفحة بصيغة النوت باد أو بملف نصيحفظ الصفحة بصيغة htmlطباعة الصفحة
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أَتَىٰ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ (1) (النحل) mp3
الْقَوْل فِي تَأْوِيل قَوْله تَعَالَى { أَتَى أَمْر اللَّه فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ سُبْحَانه وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ } يَقُول تَعَالَى ذِكْره : أَتَى أَمْر اللَّه فَقَرُبَ مِنْكُمْ أَيّهَا النَّاس وَدَنَا , فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوا وُقُوعه . ثُمَّ اِخْتَلَفَ أَهْل التَّأْوِيل فِي الْأَمْر الَّذِي أَعْلَمَ اللَّه عِبَاده مَجِيئَهُ وَقُرْبه مِنْهُمْ مَا هُوَ , وَأَيّ شَيْء هُوَ ؟ فَقَالَ بَعْضهمْ : هُوَ فَرَائِضه وَأَحْكَامه . ذِكْر مَنْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ : 16195 - حَدَّثَنَا اِبْن حُمَيْد , قَالَ : ثنا اِبْن الْمُبَارَك , عَنْ جُوَيْبِر , عَنْ الضَّحَّاك , فِي قَوْله : { أَتَى أَمْر اللَّه فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ } قَالَ : الْأَحْكَام وَالْحُدُود وَالْفَرَائِض . وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ : بَلْ ذَلِكَ وَعِيد مِنْ اللَّه لِأَهْلِ الشِّرْك بِهِ , أَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّ السَّاعَة قَدْ قَرُبَتْ وَأَنَّ عَذَابهمْ قَدْ حَضَرَ أَجَله فَدَنَا . ذِكْر مَنْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ : 16196 - حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِم , قَالَ : ثني حَجَّاج , عَنْ اِبْن جُرَيْج , قَالَ : لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَة , يَعْنِي : { أَتَى أَمْر اللَّه فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ } قَالَ رِجَال مِنْ الْمُنَافِقِينَ بَعْضهمْ لِبَعْضٍ : إِنَّ هَذَا يَزْعُم أَنَّ أَمْر اللَّه أَتَى , فَأَمْسِكُوا عَنْ بَعْض مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ حَتَّى تَنْظُرُوا مَا هُوَ كَائِن ! فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْزِل شَيْء , قَالُوا : مَا نَرَاهُ نَزَلَ شَيْء ; فَنَزَلَتْ : { اِقْتَرَبَ لِلنَّاسِ حِسَابهمْ وَهُمْ فِي غَفْلَة مُعْرِضُونَ } 21 1 فَقَالُوا : إِنَّ هَذَا يَزْعُم مِثْلهَا أَيْضًا . فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْزِل شَيْء , قَالُوا : مَا نَرَاهُ نَزَلَ شَيْء ; فَنَزَلَتْ : { وَلَئِنْ أَخَّرْنَا عَنْهُمْ الْعَذَاب إِلَى أُمَّة مَعْدُودَة لَيَقُولُنَّ مَا يَحْبِسهُ أَلَا يَوْم يَأْتِيهِمْ لَيْسَ مَصْرُوفًا عَنْهُمْ وَحَاقَ بِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ } 11 8 16197 - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هِشَام الرِّفَاعِيّ , قَالَ : ثنا يَحْيَى بْن يَمَان , قَالَ : ثنا سُفْيَان , عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيل , عَنْ أَبَى بَكْر بْن حَفْص , قَالَ : لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ : { أَتَى أَمْر اللَّه } رَفَعُوا رُءُوسهمْ , فَنَزَلَتْ : { فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ } 16198 - حَدَّثَنَا اِبْن حُمَيْد , قَالَ : ثنا يَحْيَى بْن وَاضِح , قَالَ : ثنا أَبُو بَكْر بْن شُعَيْب , قَالَ : سَمِعْت أَبَا صَادِق يَقْرَأ : " يَا عِبَادِي أَتَى أَمْر اللَّه فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ " . وَأَوْلَى الْقَوْلَيْنِ فِي ذَلِكَ عِنْدِي بِالصَّوَابِ , قَوْل مَنْ قَالَ : هُوَ تَهْدِيد مِنْ أَهْل الْكُفْر بِهِ وَبِرَسُولِهِ , وَإِعْلَام مِنْهُ لَهُمْ قُرْب الْعَذَاب مِنْهُمْ وَالْهَلَاك ; وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ عَقَّبَ ذَلِكَ بِقَوْلِهِ سُبْحَانه وَتَعَالَى : { عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ } فَدَلَّ بِذَلِكَ عَلَى تَقْرِيعه الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَوَعِيده لَهُمْ . وَبَعْد , فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْلُغنَا أَنَّ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَاب رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اِسْتَعْجَلَ فَرَائِض قَبْل أَنْ تُفْرَض عَلَيْهِمْ فَيُقَال لَهُمْ مِنْ أَجْل ذَلِكَ : قَدْ جَاءَتْكُمْ فَرَائِض اللَّه فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهَا . وَأَمَّا مُسْتَعْجِلُو الْعَذَاب مِنْ الْمُشْرِكِينَ , فَقَدْ كَانُوا كَثِيرًا . وَقَوْله سُبْحَانه وَتَعَالَى : { عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ } يَقُول تَعَالَى ذِكْره : تَنْزِيهًا لِلَّهِ وَعُلُوًّا لَهُ عَنْ الشِّرْك الَّذِي كَانَتْ قُرَيْش وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ الْعَرَب عَلَى مِثْل مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ يَدِين بِهِ . وَاخْتَلَفَتْ الْقُرَّاء فِي قِرَاءَة قَوْله تَعَالَى : { عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ } فَقَرَأَ ذَلِكَ أَهْل الْمَدِينَة وَبَعْض الْبَصْرِيِّينَ وَالْكُوفِيِّينَ : { عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ } بِالْيَاءِ عَلَى الْخَبَر عَنْ أَهْل الْكُفْر بِاَللَّهِ وَتَوْجِيه لِلْخِطَابِ بِالِاسْتِعْجَالِ إِلَى أَصْحَاب رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , وَكَذَلِكَ قَرَءُوا الثَّانِيَة بِالْيَاءِ . وَقَرَأَ ذَلِكَ عَامَّة قُرَّاء الْكُوفَة بِالتَّاءِ عَلَى تَوْجِيه الْخِطَاب بِقَوْلِهِ : { فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ } إِلَى أَصْحَاب رَسُول اللَّه صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , وَبِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى : " عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ " إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ . وَالْقِرَاءَة بِالتَّاءِ فِي الْحَرْفَيْنِ جَمِيعًا عَلَى وَجْه الْخِطَاب لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَوْلَى بِالصَّوَابِ لِمَا بَيَّنْت مِنْ التَّأْوِيل أَنَّ ذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ وَعِيد مِنْ اللَّه لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ ; اِبْتَدَأَ أَوَّل الْآيَة بِتَهْدِيدِهِمْ وَخَتَمَ آخِرهَا بِنَكِيرِ فِعْلهمْ وَاسْتِعْظَام كُفْرهمْ عَلَى وَجْه الْخِطَاب لَهُمْ .
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