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تفسير ابن كثر - سورة الصافات - الآية 101

خيارات حفظ الصفحة والطباعة

حفظ الصفحة بصيغة ووردحفظ الصفحة بصيغة النوت باد أو بملف نصيحفظ الصفحة بصيغة htmlطباعة الصفحة
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فَبَشَّرْنَاهُ بِغُلَامٍ حَلِيمٍ (101) (الصافات) mp3
وَهَذَا الْغُلَام هُوَ إِسْمَاعِيل عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام فَإِنَّهُ أَوَّل وَلَد بُشِّرَ بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيم عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام وَهُوَ أَكْبَر مِنْ إِسْحَاق بِاتِّفَاقِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَهْل الْكِتَاب بَلْ فِي نَصّ كِتَابهمْ أَنَّ إِسْمَاعِيل عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام وُلِدَ وَلِإِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام سِتٌّ وَثَمَانُونَ سَنَةً وَوُلِدَ إِسْحَاق وَعُمْر إِبْرَاهِيم عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاة وَالسَّلَام تِسْع وَتِسْعُونَ سَنَةً وَعِنْدهمْ أَنَّ اللَّه تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى أَمَرَ إِبْرَاهِيم أَنْ يَذْبَحَ اِبْنه وَحِيده وَفِي نُسْخَة أُخْرَى بَكْرَهُ فَأَقْحَمُوا هَهُنَا كَذِبًا وَبُهْتَانًا إِسْحَاق وَلَا يَجُوز هَذَا لِأَنَّهُ مُخَالِف لِنَصِّ كِتَابهمْ وَإِنَّمَا أَقْحَمُوا إِسْحَاق لِأَنَّهُ أَبُوهُمْ وَإِسْمَاعِيل أَبُو الْعَرَب فَحَسَدُوهُمْ فَزَادُوا ذَلِكَ وَحَرَّفُوا وَحِيدك بِمَعْنَى الَّذِي لَيْسَ عِنْدك غَيْره فَإِنَّ إِسْمَاعِيل كَانَ ذَهَبَ بِهِ وَبِأُمِّهِ إِلَى مَكَّة وَهُوَ تَأْوِيل وَتَحْرِيف بَاطِل فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُقَال وَحِيدك إِلَّا لِمَنْ لَيْسَ لَهُ غَيْره وَأَيْضًا فَإِنَّ أَوَّل وُلِدَ لَهُ مَعَزَّةٌ مَا لَيْسَ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ مِنْ الْأَوْلَاد فَالْأَمْر بِذَبْحِهِ أَبْلَغُ فِي الِابْتِلَاء وَالِاخْتِبَار وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ جَمَاعَة مِنْ أَهْل الْعِلْم إِلَى أَنَّ الذَّبِيح هُوَ إِسْحَاق وَحُكِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ طَائِفَة مِنْ السَّلَف حَتَّى نُقِلَ عَنْ بَعْض الصَّحَابَة رَضِيَ اللَّه عَنْهُمْ أَيْضًا وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ فِي كِتَاب وَلَا سُنَّة وَمَا أَظُنّ ذَلِكَ تُلُقِّيَ إِلَّا عَنْ أَحْبَار أَهْل الْكِتَاب وَأُخِذَ ذَلِكَ مُسَلَّمًا مِنْ غَيْر حُجَّة وَهَذَا كِتَاب اللَّه شَاهِد وَمُرْشِد إِلَى أَنَّهُ إِسْمَاعِيل فَإِنَّهُ ذَكَرَ الْبِشَارَة بِغُلَامٍ حَلِيم وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ الذَّبِيح ثُمَّ قَالَ بَعْد ذَلِكَ " وَبَشَّرْنَاهُ بِإِسْحَاقَ نَبِيًّا مِنْ الصَّالِحِينَ " وَلَمَّا بَشَّرَتْ الْمَلَائِكَة إِبْرَاهِيم بِإِسْحَاقَ قَالُوا " إِنَّا نُبَشِّرك بِغُلَامٍ عَلِيم " . وَقَالَ تَعَالَى " فَبَشَّرْنَاهَا بِإِسْحَاقَ وَمِنْ وَرَاء إِسْحَاق يَعْقُوب " أَيْ يُولَد لَهُ فِي حَيَاتهمَا وَلَد يُسَمَّى يَعْقُوب فَيَكُون مِنْ ذُرِّيَّته عَقِب وَنَسْل وَقَدْ قَدَّمْنَا هُنَاكَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَجُوز بَعْد هَذَا أَنْ يُؤْمَر بِذَبْحِهِ وَهُوَ صَغِير لِأَنَّ اللَّه تَعَالَى قَدْ وَعَدَهُمَا بِأَنَّهُ سَيُعْقِبُ وَيَكُون لَهُ نَسْل فَكَيْفَ يُمْكِن بَعْد هَذَا أَنْ يُؤْمَر بِذَبْحِهِ صَغِيرًا وَإِسْمَاعِيل وُصِفَ هَهُنَا بِالْحَلِيمِ لِأَنَّهُ مُنَاسِب لِهَذَا الْمَقَام .
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