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تفسير ابن كثر - سورة البقرة - الآية 249

خيارات حفظ الصفحة والطباعة

حفظ الصفحة بصيغة ووردحفظ الصفحة بصيغة النوت باد أو بملف نصيحفظ الصفحة بصيغة htmlطباعة الصفحة
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فَلَمَّا فَصَلَ طَالُوتُ بِالْجُنُودِ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مُبْتَلِيكُم بِنَهَرٍ فَمَن شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي وَمَن لَّمْ يَطْعَمْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي إِلَّا مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ ۚ فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِّنْهُمْ ۚ فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَهُ هُوَ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ قَالُوا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجَالُوتَ وَجُنُودِهِ ۚ قَالَ الَّذِينَ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُم مُّلَاقُو اللَّهِ كَم مِّن فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ (249) (البقرة) mp3
يَقُول تَعَالَى مُخْبِرًا عَنْ طَالُوت مَلِك بَنِي إِسْرَائِيل حِين خَرَجَ فِي جُنُوده وَمَنْ أَطَاعَهُ مِنْ مَلَإِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيل وَكَانَ جَيْشه يَوْمَئِذٍ فِيمَا ذَكَرَهُ السُّدِّيّ ثَمَانِينَ أَلْفًا فَاَللَّه أَعْلَم أَنَّهُ قَالَ " إِنَّ اللَّه مُبْتَلِيكُمْ" أَيْ مُخْتَبِركُمْ بِنَهَرٍ قَالَ اِبْن عَبَّاس وَغَيْره : وَهُوَ نَهَر بَيْن الْأُرْدُن وَفِلَسْطِين يَعْنِي نَهَر الشَّرِيعَة الْمَشْهُور" فَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي " أَيْ فَلَا يَصْحَبنِي الْيَوْم فِي هَذَا الْوَجْه " وَمَنْ لَمْ يَطْعَمهُ فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي إِلَّا مَنْ اِغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَة بِيَدِهِ " أَيْ فَلَا بَأْس عَلَيْهِ قَالَ اللَّه تَعَالَى " فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِنْهُمْ " قَالَ اِبْن جُرَيْج قَالَ اِبْن عَبَّاس : مَنْ اِغْتَرَفَ مِنْهُ بِيَدِهِ رُوِيَ وَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ لَمْ يُرْوَ وَكَذَا رَوَاهُ السُّدِّيّ عَنْ أَبِي مَالِك عَنْ اِبْن عَبَّاس . وَكَذَا قَالَ قَتَادَة وَابْن شَوْذَب قَالَ السُّدِّيّ : كَانَ الْجَيْش ثَمَانِينَ أَلْفًا فَشَرِبَ مِنْهُ سِتَّة وَسَبْعُونَ أَلْفًا وَتَبَقَّى مَعَهُ أَرْبَعَة آلَاف كَذَا قَالَ . وَقَدْ رَوَى اِبْن جَرِير مِنْ طَرِيق إِسْرَائِيل وَسُفْيَان الثَّوْرِيّ وَمِسْعَر بْن كِدَام عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق السَّبِيعِيّ عَنْ الْبَرَاء بْن عَازِب قَالَ : كُنَّا نَتَحَدَّث أَنَّ أَصْحَاب مُحَمَّد - صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَوْم بَدْر ثَلَاثمِائَةِ وَبِضْعَة عَشَر عَلَى عِدَّة أَصْحَاب طَالُوت الَّذِينَ جَازُوا مَعَهُ النَّهَر وَمَا جَازَهُ مَعَهُ إِلَّا مُؤْمِن وَرَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيّ عَنْ عَبْد اللَّه بْن رَجَاء عَنْ إِسْرَائِيل بْن يُونُس عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق عَنْ جَدّه عَنْ الْبَرَاء بِنَحْوِهِ وَلِهَذَا قَالَ تَعَالَى " فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَهُ هُوَ وَاَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ قَالُوا لَا طَاقَة لَنَا الْيَوْم بِجَالُوت وَجُنُوده " أَيْ اِسْتَقَلُّوا أَنْفُسهمْ عَنْ لِقَاء عَدُوّهُمْ لِكَثْرَتِهِمْ فَشَجَّعَهُمْ عُلَمَاؤُهُمْ الْعَالِمُونَ بِأَنَّ وَعْد اللَّه حَقّ فَإِنَّ النَّصْر مِنْ عِنْد اللَّه لَيْسَ عَنْ كَثْرَة عَدَد وَلَا عُدَّة وَلِهَذَا قَالُوا " كَمْ مِنْ فِئَة قَلِيلَة غَلَبَتْ فِئَة كَثِيرَة بِإِذْنِ اللَّه وَاَللَّه مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ " .
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