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تفسير ابن كثر - سورة يوسف - الآية 58

خيارات حفظ الصفحة والطباعة

حفظ الصفحة بصيغة ووردحفظ الصفحة بصيغة النوت باد أو بملف نصيحفظ الصفحة بصيغة htmlطباعة الصفحة
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وَجَاءَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَعَرَفَهُمْ وَهُمْ لَهُ مُنكِرُونَ (58) (يوسف) mp3
ذَكَرَ السُّدِّيّ وَمُحَمَّد بْن إِسْحَاق وَغَيْرهمَا مِنْ الْمُفَسِّرِينَ أَنَّ السَّبَب الَّذِي أَقْدَم إِخْوَة يُوسُف بِلَاد مِصْر أَنَّ يُوسُف عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام لَمَّا بَاشَرَ الْوَزَارَة بِمِصْرَ وَمَضَتْ السَّبْع سِنِينَ الْمُخْصِبَة ثُمَّ تَلَتْهَا السَّبْع السِّنِينَ الْمُجْدِبَة وَعَمّ الْقَحْط بِلَاد مِصْر بِكَمَالِهَا وَوَصَلَ إِلَى بِلَاد كَنْعَان وَهِيَ الَّتِي فِيهَا يَعْقُوب عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام وَأَوْلَاده وَحِينَئِذٍ اِحْتَاطَ يُوسُف عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام لِلنَّاسِ فِي غِلَالهمْ وَجَمَعَهَا أَحْسَن جَمْع فَحَصَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَبْلَغ عَظِيم وَهَدَايَا مُتَعَدِّدَة هَائِلَة وَوَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاس مِنْ سَائِر الْأَقَالِيم وَالْمُعَامَلَات يَمْتَارُونَ لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَعِيَالهمْ فَكَانَ لَا يُعْطِي الرَّجُل أَكْثَر مِنْ حَمْل بَعِير فِي السَّنَة وَكَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام لَا يُشْبِع نَفْسه وَلَا يَأْكُل هُوَ وَالْمَلِك وَجُنُودهمَا إِلَّا أَكْلَة وَاحِدَة فِي وَسَط النَّهَار حَتَّى يَتَكَفَّأ النَّاس بِمَا فِي أَيْدِيهمْ مُدَّة السَّبْع سِنِينَ وَكَانَ رَحْمَة مِنْ اللَّه عَلَى أَهْل مِصْر وَمَا ذَكَرَه بَعْض الْمُفَسِّرِينَ مِنْ أَنَّهُ بَاعَهُمْ فِي السَّنَة الْأُولَى بِالْأَمْوَالِ وَفِي الثَّانِيَة بِالْمَتَاعِ وَفِي الثَّالِثَة بِكَذَا وَفِي الرَّابِعَة بِكَذَا حَتَّى بَاعَهُمْ بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ وَأَوْلَادهمْ بَعْدَمَا تَمَلَّكَ عَلَيْهِمْ جَمِيع مَا يَمْلِكُونَ ثُمَّ أَعْتَقَهُمْ وَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالهمْ كُلّهَا اللَّه أَعْلَم بِصِحَّةِ ذَلِكَ وَهُوَ مِنْ الْإِسْرَائِيلِيَّات الَّتِي لَا تُصَدَّق وَلَا تُكَذَّب وَالْغَرَض أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي جُمْلَة مَنْ وَرَدَ لِلْمِيرَةِ إِخْوَة يُوسُف عَنْ أَمْر أَبِيهِمْ لَهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّهُ بَلَغَهُمْ أَنَّ عَزِيز مِصْر يُعْطِي النَّاس الطَّعَام بِثَمَنِهِ فَأَخَذُوا مَعَهُمْ بِضَاعَة يَعْتَاضُونَ بِهَا طَعَامًا وَرَكِبُوا عَشَرَة نَفَر وَاحْتَبَسَ يَعْقُوب عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام عِنْده اِبْنه بِنْيَامِين شَقِيق يُوسُف عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام وَكَانَ أَحَبّ وَلَده إِلَيْهِ بَعْد يُوسُف فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا عَلَى يُوسُف وَهُوَ جَالِس فِي أُبَّهَته وَرِيَاسَته وَسِيَادَته عَرَفَهُمْ حِين نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَهُمْ لَهُ مُنْكِرُونَ أَيْ لَا يَعْرِفُونَهُ لِأَنَّهُمْ فَارَقُوهُ وَهُوَ صَغِير حَدَث وَبَاعُوهُ لِلسَّيَّارَةِ وَلَمْ يَدْرُوا أَيْنَ يَذْهَبُونَ بِهِ وَلَا كَانُوا يَسْتَشْعِرُونَ فِي أَنْفُسهمْ أَنْ يَصِير إِلَى مَا صَارَ إِلَيْهِ فَلِهَذَا لَمْ يَعْرِفُوهُ وَأَمَّا هُوَ فَعَرَفَهُمْ فَذَكَرَ السُّدِّيّ وَغَيْره أَنَّهُ شَرَعَ يُخَاطِبهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ كَالْمُنْكِرِ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا أَقْدَمكُمْ بِلَادِي ؟ فَقَالُوا أَيّهَا الْعَزِيز إِنَّا قَدِمْنَا لِلْمِيرَةِ قَالَ فَلَعَلَّكُمْ عُيُون ؟ قَالُوا مَعَاذ اللَّه قَالَ فَمِنْ أَيْنَ أَنْتُمْ ؟ قَالُوا مِنْ بِلَاد كَنْعَان وَأَبُونَا يَعْقُوب نَبِيّ اللَّه قَالَ وَلَهُ أَوْلَاد غَيْركُمْ ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ كُنَّا اِثْنَيْ عَشَر فَذَهَبَ أَصْغَرنَا هَلَكَ فِي الْبَرِّيَّة وَكَانَ أَحَبّنَا إِلَى أَبِيهِ وَبَقِيَ شَقِيقه فَاحْتَبَسَهُ أَبُوهُ لِيَتَسَلَّى بِهِ عَنْهُ فَأَمَرَ بِإِنْزَالِهِمْ وَإِكْرَامهمْ .
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